Fig. 6
From: Tuning charge transport dynamics via clustering of doping in organic semiconductor thin films
Simulated dopant-induced Seebeck and conductivity trends. a The effect of doping and clustering on the density of states (DOS) distribution with intrinsic Gaussian width of 3 kBT. The charge carriers interact coulombically with the ionized dopants creating additional deep trap states, resulting in a heavy-tailed DOS. Log-log plot of Seebeck coefficient vs. conductivity showing the change in slope due to: b Gaussian and exponential DOS, c Doping and clustering induced heavy-tailed DOS. The doping-induced distribution is computed with dopant concentration Nd = 10% and cluster concentration Cs = 1, and the clustering induced distribution with Nd = 3% and Cs = 3. We have fit our simulated results (symbols) to Snyder and Kang’s charge transport model (gray lines) and the corresponding transport parameter ‘s’ values are shown. d Comparison of our model to experimental data from Fig. 3. (Nd = 4% and Cs = 1 for pink dashed line, Nd = 0.9% and Cs = 9 for red dot-dashed line, γ = 0.01 and ∑ij = 0.0025 for all three cases)
