Fig. 4

Tracking somatic hypermutation in an immortalized B-cell line. a Amino acid composition of the heavy and light chain V regions of individual Ramos cells assigned paired BCRs (n = 615). Each row represents an individual cell and each column a single amino acid position. Positions that are blue represent an amino acid that differs to the germline sequence, indicative of somatic hypermutation. On the right, a hierarchical clustering dendrogram of the concatenated heavy and light chain V region amino acid sequences is shown. b Network diagram of individual Ramos cells undergoing somatic hypermutation from a, where each node corresponds to a unique full-length heavy and light chain V(D)J sequence and the edges correspond to the number of amino acid differences between them. The largest node in the centre is the predominant sequence in the Ramos cell line represented by 147 cells. The unmutated common ancestor sequence in black was inferred from germline V(D)J sequences and is not represented by any cells in the dataset. Network diagram generated with Cytoscape⁶⁶