Fig. 3
From: Dendrite fragmentation induced by massive-like δ–γ transformation in Fe–C alloys
Close-up views of fragmentated arms. a Fragmentation of the secondary dendrite arm in 0.58 C steel. The secondary arm that is indicated by a red arrow between the secondary arms that are indicated by green lines was fragmented between 34 s and 42 s and settled down because of the gravitational force. b Fragmentation of the primary dendrite arms in 0.58 C steel. The fragmented arm was tilted because of the gravitational force. Blue and red lines indicate the solid–liquid interface at 33 s and 60 s, respectively. c Schematic diagram of dendrite arm fragmentation at the γ grain boundary and the δ–γ interface in Fe–C alloys. d Schematic diagram of fragmentation caused by the pinch-off
