Fig. 2

Kinetics and free energy diagram for all possible pathways toward C1 products. CO is reduced to C1 products on the Ag-Cu surface. The values shown blue (upper) and dark blue (bottom) are the free energy barrier and free energy change at −1.0 VSHE for all steps, respectively. Adsorbates with an asterisk correspond to species that are adsorbed on the surface. Null stands for no free energy barrier