Fig. 3

(See also Supplementary Fig. 3, Supplementary Tables 5, 6, 7, 8 and Supplementary Data 1) Go responses during successful encoding engage the noradrenergic system. a–c LC activation (Exp5). a Interaction between action (Go vs NoGo) and subsequent memory (remembered vs forgotten) has been overlaid on a canonical T1 image (threshold for illustration, here and in subsequent panels, P < 0.001 uncorrected) to show activation in an area of the dorsal pons consistent with LC (2 −28 −16; Z = 3.38; P < 0.001 uncorrected). b The same interaction, normalized to the SUIT atlas template (−2, −34, −23, Z = 3.32; SVC P_FWE = 0.035) is overlaid on a high resolution atlas template of the human brainstem and cerebellum, with a probabilistic spatial mask (at 1 std) of LC superimposed. c Parameter estimates for the BOLD response in LC. Error bars pertain to s.e.m. d–f Parahippocampal activation (Exp 5). d The comparison between remembered vs. forgotten items reveals parahippocampal activation (−24 −26 −20; Z = 3.73; SVC P_FWE = 0.05), shown overlaid on a canonical T1 image. e A psychophysiological interaction between LC activation and action-induced modulation of memory is significant in parahippocampal gyrus (−32, −38, −12; Z = 3.79; SVC P_FWE = 0.02). f Parameter estimates for the parahippocampal activation shown in (d). Error bars pertain to s.e.m. g–j Pupillary responses during successful encoding are modulated by Go responses (Exp 6). g Raw pupil diameter relative to baseline change measures averaged over participants (shaded error bars pertain to s.e.m.). h The Erlang gamma function for the early visual component (black) parameterized by fitting to the z-scored pupil responses at encoding to subsequent familiar (K) responses (blue). i Parameter estimates for the cognitive aspect of the pupil responses for GoR, GoF, NoGoR, and NoGoF conditions (error bars pertain to residual error of the model). j Parameter estimates for the differences of the relative pupil dilation/constriction for the interaction between motor response (Go, NoGo) and subsequent memory (R, F) for the cognitive aspect of the pupil dilation