Fig. 1

Preparation and structural characterization of Pt1/N–C. a Schematic illustration of the preparation of Pt1/N–C. The molar ratio of PtTPP:TPP is denoted as 1:n. b TEM image of Pt1/N–C. Scale bar, 10 nm. c STEM image of Pt1/N–C. Scale bar, 10 nm. d AC HAADF-STEM image of Pt1/N–C. SAs were highlighted by yellow circles. Scale bar, 2 nm. e XRD pattern of Pt1/N–C and N–C. f The k3-weighted R-space FT spectra of EXAFS for Pt1/N–C, PtTPP, PtO2, and Pt foil. g The XPS patterns of Pt 4f for Pt1/N–C