Table 1 Baseline characteristics of study population
From: Flavonoid intake is associated with lower mortality in the Danish Diet Cancer and Health Cohort
Total population n = 56 048 | Total flavonoid intake quintiles | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 n = 11 210 | 2 n = 11 209 | 3 n = 11 210 | 4 n = 11 209 | 5 n = 11 210 | ||
Total flavonoid intake (g/d) | 494 [286–804] | 173 [127–212] | 320 [286–356] | 494 [441–548] | 726 [659–804] | 1201 [1024–1435] |
Sex (male) | 26666 (47.6) | 6477 (57.8) | 5740 (51.2) | 5340 (47.6) | 4996 (44.6) | 4113 (36.7) |
Age (years) | 56 [52–60] | 56 [52–60] | 56 [52–60] | 56 [52–60] | 56 [52–60] | 55 [52–60] |
BMI (kg/m2) | 25.5 [23.3–28.2] | 26.1 [23.8–28.9] | 25.9 [23.6–28.5] | 25.6 [23.3–28.3] | 25.3 [23.2–27.9] | 24.9 [22.7–27.4] |
MET score | 56 [37–85] | 51 [32–78] | 56 [36–84] | 58 [38–85] | 58 [39–87] | 60 [40–89] |
Smoking status | ||||||
Never | 19666 (35.1) | 2722 (24.3) | 3743 (33.4) | 3996 (35.6) | 4461 (39.8) | 4744 (42.3) |
Former | 16153 (28.8) | 2695 (24.0) | 3033 (27.1) | 3266 (29.1) | 3597 (32.1) | 3562 (31.8) |
Current | 20229 (36.1) | 5793 (51.7) | 4433 (39.5) | 3948 (35.2) | 3151 (28.1) | 2904 (25.9) |
Education: ≤7 years | 18466 (32.9) | 5128 (45.7) | 4268 (38.1) | 3609 (32.2) | 3031 (27.0) | 2430 (21.7) |
8–10 years | 25817 (46.1) | 4891 (43.6) | 5263 (47.0) | 5341 (47.6) | 5317 (47.4) | 5005 (44.6) |
≥11 years | 11737 (20.9) | 1185 (10.6) | 1674 (14.9) | 2256 (20.1) | 2854 (25.5) | 3768 (33.6) |
Household income (DKK/year) | ||||||
≤394 700 | 13919 (24.8) | 3349 (29.9) | 2749 (24.5) | 2718 (24.2) | 2581 (23.0) | 2522 (22.5) |
394 701–570 930 | 14018 (25.0) | 3271 (29.2) | 3003 (26.8) | 2717 (24.2) | 2603 (23.2) | 2424 (21.6) |
570 931–758 297 | 14054 (25.1) | 2916 (26.0) | 3034 (27.1) | 2900 (25.9) | 2621 (23.4) | 2583 (23.0) |
>758 297 | 14057 (25.1) | 1674 (14.9) | 2423 (21.6) | 2875 (25.6) | 3404 (30.4) | 3681 (32.8) |
Hypertensive | 9148 (16.3) | 1815 (16.2) | 1860 (16.6) | 1866 (16.6) | 1823 (16.3) | 1784 (15.9) |
Hypercholesterolemic | 4193 (7.5) | 915 (8.2) | 831 (7.4) | 853 (7.6) | 857 (7.6) | 737 (6.6) |
Diabetes | 1182 (2.1) | 279 (2.5) | 221 (2.0) | 254 (2.3) | 217 (1.9) | 211 (1.9) |
Heart failure | 220 (0.4) | 56 (0.5) | 54 (0.5) | 39 (0.3) | 40 (0.4) | 31 0.3) |
Atrial fibrillation | 451 (0.8) | 95 (0.8) | 83 (0.7) | 96 (0.9) | 78 (0.7) | 99 (0.9) |
IHD | 2200 (3.9) | 586 (5.2) | 423 (3.8) | 438 (3.9) | 400 (3.6) | 353 (3.1) |
PAD | 498 (0.9) | 171 (1.5) | 114 (1.0) | 84 (0.7) | 61 (0.5) | 68 (0.6) |
Stroke | 787 (1.4) | 220 (2.0) | 151 (1.3) | 147 (1.3) | 133 (1.2) | 136 (1.2) |
COPD | 858 (1.5) | 223 (2.0) | 189 (1.7) | 157 (1.4) | 155 (1.4) | 134 (1.2) |
CKD | 204 (0.4) | 43 (0.4) | 33 (0.3) | 44 (0.4) | 42 (0.4) | 42 (0.4) |
Cancer | 247 (0.4) | 55 (0.5) | 42 (0.4) | 61 0.5) | 33 (0.3) | 56 (0.5) |
Insulin treated | 381 (0.7) | 78 (0.7) | 65 (0.6) | 86 (0.8) | 81 (0.7) | 71 (0.6) |
Antihypertensive | 6904 (12.3) | 1363 (12.2) | 1422 (12.7) | 1407 (12.6) | 1363 (12.2) | 1349 (12.0) |
Statin | 1074 (1.9) | 262 (2.3) | 211 (1.9) | 221 (2.0) | 212 (1.9) | 168 (1.5) |
HRT | ||||||
Never | 15972 (54.4) | 2606 (55.1) | 3049 (55.8) | 3268 (55.7) | 3271 (52.6) | 3778 (53.2) |
Current | 8825 (30.0) | 1295 (27.4) | 1572 (28.7) | 1698 (28.9) | 2001 (32.2) | 2259 (31.8) |
Former | 4553 (15.5) | 823 (17.4) | 844 (15.4) | 897 (15.3) | 935 (15.0) | 1054 (14.9) |
NSAIDs excluding aspirin | 18161 (32.6) | 3543 (31.9) | 3530 (31.7) | 3642 (32.7) | 3640 (32.6) | 3806 (34.2) |
Aspirin | 7097 (12.7) | 1392 (12.4) | 1366 (12.2) | 1437 (12.8) | 1395 (12.4) | 1507 (13.4) |
Energy (kj) | 9500 [7858–11368] | 8610 [7026–10387] | 9262 [7717–11000] | 9752 [8139–11586] | 9938 [8321–11834] | 9928 [8258–11887] |
Saturated FA (g/d) | 31 [24–40] | 29 [23–38] | 31 [24–39] | 32 [25–40] | 32 [25–41] | 32 [24–41] |
Polyunsaturated FA (g/d) | 13 [10–17] | 12 [9–16] | 13 [10–17] | 14 [10–18] | 14 [11–18] | 14 [10–18] |
Monounsaturated FA (g/d) | 27 [21–35] | 26 [20–34] | 27 [21–35] | 28 [22–35] | 28 [22–35] | 27 [21–34] |
Total fish intake (g/d) | 38 [25–55] | 33 [22–49] | 38 [25–54] | 40 [27–57] | 41 [28–59] | 40 [27–57] |
Red meat intake (g/d) | 78 [57–107] | 80 [58–108] | 81 [59–110] | 80 [58–110] | 78 [57–107] | 72 [52–100] |
Processed meat intake (g/d) | 25 [14–40] | 29 [17–45] | 26 [16–42] | 25 [14–40] | 23 [14–38] | 21 [12–34] |
Dietary fiber intake (g/d) | 20 [16–25] | 17 [13–20] | 19 [16–23] | 21 [17–25] | 22 [18–27] | 23 [19–29] |
Vegetable intake (g/d) | 161 [105–231] | 114 [71–170] | 150 [99–211] | 168 [113–235] | 184 [127–254] | 196 [135–272] |
Fruit intake (g/d) | 171 [95–281] | 87 [44–140] | 161 [97–237] | 193 [114–301] | 224 [139–360] | 24 [141–390] |
Alcohol intake (g/d) | 13 [6–31] | 11 [3–24] | 13 [6–25] | 15 [6–34] | 14 [7–32] | 13 [6–32] |
