Fig. 3
From: An in vitro model maintaining taxon-specific functional activities of the gut microbiome
In vitro–in vivo correlation of taxonomic responses to metformin treatment. a Comparison of the change in relative abundance of the major gut bacterial phyla following in vitro and in vivo (days 14 and 28) metformin treatment of individual HFD-fed C57/BL6 wild-type litter-mate mice. Data point that falls into quadrants I and III (in blue background) indicates in vitro–in vivo consistency in increased and decreased phyla in response to metformin, respectively. b Pearson’s correlation coefficient r between in vivo and in vitro changes of phyla in response to metformin treatment. Error bars represent the standard deviation. c Heat map showing change in relative abundance of three bacterial genera, known to increase in metformin-treated HFD-fed mice. The left panels represent in vitro cultured individual mouse microbiome in the absence or presence of metformin, whereas the right panels correspond to in vivo microbiome drug-treatment at days 14 and 28. n = 5 biologically independent mice. d Comparison of variable importance in projection (VIP) on the first three components from three separate PLS-DA analyses. PLS-DA analyses were performed by comparing untreated microbiome versus microbiome following in vivo 14-day, 28-day and in vitro 24 h metformin treatment, respectively. Four bacterial species were consistently ranked with the highest VIP scores in the three analyses. Underlying data are provided in the Source Data file
