Fig. 3

BES1 family members are essential to tapetum development and function. a–f In situ hybridization analyses of DYT1 (a–c) and ATA7 (d–f) in the anthers of Col-0 (a, d, c, f) and qui-1 (b, e). Hybridization signals can be detected in stage 6 and stage 8 anthers of Col-0 (a, d), but not in the same-stage anthers of qui-1 (b, e), respectively. Sense probe was used as negative controls (c, f). Scale bars represent 20 μm. g Quantitative PCR analysis results to show relative expression levels of several tapetum marker genes in the inflorescences of Col-0 and qui-1. Data are presented as mean and s.d. (n = 3). Asterisks indicate significant differences (P < 0.01, two-tailed t-test)