Fig. 3

DNA-based diagnostic assay for CYP6P9b-mediated metabolic resistance to pyrethroids. a Comparative luciferase assay between promoter fragment from the highly resistant FUMOZ and highly susceptible (FANG) lab strains with progressive serial deletions of CYP6P9b 5′ flanking region to detect the causative variants. Bars represent the mean ± S.D. of four independent transfections of three replicates (n = 6). b Agarose gel of PCR-RFLP with NmuCl of CYP6P9b showing the RR, RS, and SS genotypes. c Distribution of the CYP6P9b genotypes between susceptible and resistant mosquitoes showing a very strong correlation between CYP6P9b and resistance phenotype. d Distribution of the combined genotypes of both CYP6P9a and CYP6P9b showing that both genotypes combined to increase the pyrethroid resistance. Source data are provided as a Source Data file