Fig. 2
From: Dopant-tuned stabilization of intermediates promotes electrosynthesis of valuable C3 products

Catalyst synthesis and structure characterization. a The fabrication schematic illustration of Pd–B catalysts. b SEM, c TEM, d HAADF, and e HAADF-STEM images, showing the morphology and size of Pd–B nanomaterials. f Powder XRD spectra of Pd–B and Pd samples show a peak shift, demonstrating the boron penetration into the Pd lattice. Black line corresponding to JCPDS No. 05-0681. g XPS spectra for Pd 3d regions. h EELS, showing the homogeneous distribution of Pd and B elements in the Pd–B sample. The scale bar in h is 200 nm