Fig. 5

Overall water splitting performance of the RuIrOx nano-netcages. a Polarization curves and the voltages at 10 mA·cm2 (inset) of the RuIrOx nano-netcages over a broad pH range (0–14). b The current-time (I–t) curves of the RuIrOx nano-netcages for 24 h at different pH values. c Schematic illustration of the water splitting setup with an AA battery showing that the RuIrOx nano-netcages could work irrespective of the positive/negative terminals of the battery and the digital photograph of the evolution of H2 and O2 from the electrodes during electrolysis