Fig. 3
From: Seasonal dynamics of stem N2O exchange follow the physiological activity of boreal trees

Relations between N2O and CO2 stem fluxes. N2O versus CO2 fluxes in stems of birch (a), spruce (b), and pine (c) measured from June 2014 to May 2015. Data for dormant (October–February) and vegetation (March–September) seasons are indicated. The stem fluxes were measured from three trees per species at three studied plots characterised by mean annual volumetric water content as wet (0.81 ± 0.02 m3 m−3; mean ± standard error), moderately wet (0.40 ± 0.02 m3 m−3), and dry (0.21 ± 0.01 m3 m−3). The dry plot did not have spruce or birch trees. All fluxes are expressed per m2 of stem surface area. Positive flux values indicate gas emission, negative values gas uptake