Table 4 Genetic associations with plasma proteins.

From: Profiling of the plasma proteome across different stages of human heart failure

Protein

Locus (p value)

Location

Effect

Gene expression

Vascular messengers

 Nt-proBNP

1p36 (5 × 10−9)*

cis

2%

NPPB (heart)

Matrix remodeling

 TSP2

6q27 (2 × 10−47)

cis

13%

THBS2 (heart)

Immune system

 CXCL13

 CRP

1q23 (6 × 10−10)

cis

2%

 IL-1R antagonist protein

2q13 (9 × 10−17)

cis

5%

IL1RN (multiple)

 IL-18 receptor 1

2q12 (9 × 10−135)

cis

37%

IL18R1 (heart)

Complement system

 C5a

9q33 (3 × 10−10) *

1q31 (2 × 10−10)

cis

trans

1%

3%

C5 (multiple)

CFH (multiple)

 C9

5p13 (4 × 10−10)

cis

5%

Coagulation system

 Protein C

2q14 (2 × 10−19)

20q11 (2 × 10−57)

cis

trans

6%

15%

PROC (liver, atria)

PROCR (multiple)

 tPA

8p11 (1 × 10−7) *

cis

1%

PLAT (multiple)

Intracellular or membrane-bound

 Gelsolin

9q33 (2 × 10−9) *

cis

1%

GSN (blood)

 Carbonic anhydrase 13

8q21 (2 × 10−19)

cis

6%

CA13 (multiple)

 Contactin-1

12q12 (2 × 10−11)

16p13 (1 × 10−17)

cis

trans

3%

5%

CNTN1 (multiple)

TMEM8A (multiple)

 DUSP3

 PRKACA

 Netrin receptor UNC5D

8p12 (1 × 10−6) *

cis

1%

  1. Index SNPs at loci associated with the 16 heart failure proteins at genome-wide significance (p< 5 × 10−8). p values from linear regression models are presented for associations in cis (within 500 kb) and trans. Effects of each SNP are expressed as proportion of variability explained. Association of index SNPs at each locus with gene expression was explored in publically available eQTL data using PhenoScanner31, with results presented for transcripts below a Bonferroni-corrected threshold for the total nr of SNPs (p< 0.05/15). Proteins associated with heart failure, grouped according to functional annotations. *Asterisk indicates that the locus was discovered in the second stage of discovery, in a meta-analysis of two cohorts focused on cis-windows (±500 kb from the transcription start site), with a lower number of SNPs tested in each window, resulting in a more permissive significance threshold (2 × 10−5)