Fig. 5

Independent datasets show higher accessibility of selected boundaries. a MNase-seq metaprofiles around BEAF+ and CP/CH+ boundaries based on data by Urban et al.⁴⁹. Metaprofiles for both S2 (male, top) and Kc167 (female, bottom) cells are shown and labelled based on the treatment: GFP RNAi (black) and CLAMP RNAi (red) (40th to 60th percentile interval is shown as a shaded area). b The difference between GFP RNAi and CLAMP or MSL2 RNAi MACC score at boundaries (y-axis) for each S2 or Kc cells sample (x-axis) (***Wilcoxon test p-value < 0.0001). For each box the median is marked as horizontal line, the boxes mark the interquartile range (IQR), the whiskers extend up to 1.5 IQR, individual data points for outliers beyond this range are omitted. c Mean 4C-seq enrichment signal around (±7 kb) each class of domain boundaries is based on metaprofiles for each 4C probe (each data point in the plot) from Ramirez et al.⁸ in male (S2) and female (Kc) cell lines. The difference between S2 and Kc cells is reported (Wilcoxon p-value: ***<0.0001; *< 0.05). Boxplot elements are defined as for panel (a), all individual data points are shown. d For each domain boundary class (coloured lines) the distribution of distances to the nearest chrX active gene transcription start site (TSS) is shown. e scATAC-seq signal values in male and female embryos (fold change over chromosome average—see Methods) at the TSS of active genes grouped by the class of the nearest boundary (max ± 10 kb distance) is shown for autosomes (top) and chrX (bottom) for each boundary class. The difference between male and female is marked (Wilcoxon p-value: **<0.01; *<0.05). f DNase-seq signal (y-axis) (z-score transformed—see Methods) in cell lines (S2, Kc167) at the TSS of active genes grouped by class of the nearest boundary (max ±10 kb distance) is shown for each boundary class (x axis top) (Wilcoxon p-value: ***<0.01; *<0.05). Boxplot elements are defined as for panel (a), individual data points are shown for outliers beyond the whiskers range.