Fig. 2: Antiviral activity of Lactobacillus-derived EVs in human T cells.
From: Extracellular vesicles from symbiotic vaginal lactobacilli inhibit HIV-1 infection of human tissues
A mixture of HIV-1LAI.04 or HIV-1BaL and Lactobacillus-derived EVs incubated for 1 h was added to MT-4 or Jurkat-tat cell cultures for 1 h. Cells were washed and cultured for 3 days in the presence of EVs. In control experiments, EV-free and particles isolated from fresh MRS medium were tested as well. Replication of HIV-1 was evaluated by measuring the capsid protein p24gag, in the cell culture medium; data are presented as percentages of HIV-1 replication in untreated controls. a The effects of bacterial-derived EVs (5 × 108 particles per mL) from L. crispatus BC3, L crispatus BC5, L. gasseri BC12, and L. gasseri BC13, and of particles isolated from MRS medium (3.87 × 108 particles per mL), on HIV-1LAI.04 replication in MT-4 cells. b, c Concentration dependence of EVs derived from L. gasseri BC12 on replication of HIV-1LAI.04 in MT-4 (b) and of HIV-1BaL in Jurkat-tat (c) cell lines. Presented are means ± SEM from at least four independent measurements. Asterisks indicate statistical significance by one-way ANOVA multiple comparison with Dunnett’s correction (*p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
