Fig. 6

Phosphorylation of LDHB S162 promotes tumor progression. a In DLD1 cells endogenous LDHB was knocked down, then shRNA-resistant wild-type LDHB, LDHB S162A/D, and LDHA were expressed. The expression levels of LDHA/B were examined by WB. b Cell proliferation assay was conducted with the DLD1 cells tested in a. The growth curves were plotted over seven days. c Colony formation assay was conducted in DLD1 cells used in a. Cells were fixed after cultured for 10 days. Crystal violet staining of the cells were shown. d DLD1 cells tested in a were inoculated in nude mice. Xenograft tumors at the endpoint were collected and shown. e The growth curve of the tumors in d. f The weight of tumors at the endpoint in d. g Immuno-fluorescence staining of Ki67, a proliferation marker, in the sections of xenograft tumors in d, Scale bar, 50 μm. h Statistics of the index of the Ki67-positive cells in g. i A working model summarizes the major function of Aurora-A-LDHB pathway in the regulation of Warburg effect in cancer cells. The error bar in panels b represents the standard error of mean (SEM), n = 3 independent experiments. The error bar in panels e, f, h represents the standard deviation (SD), n = 6 biologically independent samples in panels e, f and n = 10 in panel h. Source data are provided as a Source Data files. (Student’s t-test *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ns not significant).