Fig. 3: Ovariectomy reduces LM in a site-specific manner.
From: Sexual dimorphism and the role of estrogen in the immune microenvironment of liver metastases
Experimental LM were generated by inoculation of 2 × 105 colon carcinoma MC-38 or lung carcinoma H-59 cells via the intrasplenic/portal route, spontaneous LM of PDAC were generated by intrapancreatic injection of 1 × 106 KrasG12D/+;LSL-Trp53R172H/+;Pdx-1-Cre (LMP) cells and experimental lung metastases by intravenous inoculation of 2 × 105 H-59 cells. Mice were sacrificed and metastases enumerated 15–30 days later. Shown in a are the uterine weights (means ± s.e.m.) as measured 3 weeks post ovariectomy or sham surgery. Shown in b are the numbers of visible metastases counted per liver of individual mice inoculated with the indicated tumor cells (n = 10 for MC-38 injected; n = 7 for H59 injected; and n = 14 for LMP-injected mice). Representative livers (top) and H&E stained liver sections (bottom) from MC-38-inoculated mice are shown in c and pancreatic tumor weights of LMP-injected mice (mean ± s.e.m., n = 14) are shown in d. Shown in e are the numbers of experimental lung (left) and liver (right) metastases counted 15 days following a tail vein injection of 2 × 105 H-59 cells (left panel: n = 5 for sham and n = 7 for OVX mice, right panel, n = 6 for sham and n = 7 for OVX mice). Horizontal bars denote median values. *−p ≤ 0.05; **−p ≤ 0.01; ***−p ≤ 0.001; ****−p ≤ 0.0001; NS, not significant as determined by the Mann–Whitney test (metastases) or Student's t-test (organ weights). Box and whiskers graphs: the box extends from the 25th to 75th percentiles, the middle line denotes the median and the whiskers extends from the minimum to the maximum value. Scale bars correspond to 100 µm on IF images.
