Fig. 2: Contributions of physical and fossil fuel combustion-related virtual carbon to the total carbon inflow of global cities represented by (a) per capita (TCI per capita), (b) per GDP-PPP (TCI intensity), and (c) per urban area (TCI spatial density).
From: Physical and virtual carbon metabolism of global cities
The TCIs for the 16 global cities encompassing physical carbon and virtual carbon are shown by using various indicators. The contributions of physical and virtual carbon associated with urban economies vary greatly, resulting in different carbon performances of cities (represented by per capita inflow, intensity, and spatial density).
