Fig. 5: Effects of ZT-1a on cell volume changes in mouse primary cortical neurons.
From: Modulation of brain cation-Cl− cotransport via the SPAK kinase inhibitor ZT-1a
a Representative images of calcein-AM-loaded mouse primary cortical neurons. Arrowheads mark cells of interest. Arrows illustrate regions of increased fluorescence intensity in response to hyperosmotic stress. Cells were exposed to isotonic HEPES-MEM (310 mOsm, 5 min, ± drug), hypertonic HEPES-MEM (370 mOsm, 20 min, ± drug), and isotonic HEPES-MEM (10 min, no drug) in the absence or presence of SPAK inhibitor ZT-1a (3 μM) or the potent NKCC1 inhibitor bumetanide (BMT, 10 μM). b Relative cell water content changes as a function of time during indicated bath conditions. c Summary data of the rate of regulatory volume increase (RVI). The rate was calculated by determining the slope between minutes 8 and 25. Data are means ± SEM, n = 49 cells for control, 46 cells for BMT, and 49 cells for ZT-1a collected from three independent experiments. ****p < 0.0001 versus control, one-way ANOVA.
