Fig. 7: Increased PTB rates in the presence of cervical damage.

In the afternoon of D16 of gestation, mice received either 10% N-9 in PBS or PBS control via intravaginal inoculation. After 16 h, in the morning of D17 of gestation, mice received either Ureaplasma parvum (UP) in ureaplasma-selective medium (USM) or USM control via intravaginal inoculation. Significantly increased PTB rates compared to controls (defined as delivery of the first pup before up to 48 h after UP administration) was only seen with the combination treatment of N-9 + UP. No bacterial growth or ureC copies were detected in uninfected mice. Statistical significance was assessed using Fisher’s exact test (*P = 0.0104 for PBS + USM vs. N9 + UP). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.