Fig. 9: Regularized variational fracture model of beams with planar and cylindrical layered architectures. | Nature Communications

Fig. 9: Regularized variational fracture model of beams with planar and cylindrical layered architectures.

From: Lamellar architectures in stiff biomaterials may not always be templates for enhancing toughness in composites

Fig. 9

a Geometry of the notched layered beam with one planar interlayer shown in gray. b Geometry of the notched cylindrical layered beam with one cylindrical interlayer shown in gray. c Load displacement (F-w0) response of the planar layered beam loaded in three-point bending. d Crack paths in the planar layered beam as seen from the planes whose normal vectors are \({\hat{{\bf{e}}}}_{3}\) and \({\hat{{\bf{e}}}}_{2}\). The red region corresponds to the crack path predicted by the RVF calculations at a displacement w0 = 0.16 mm. e F-w0 response of the cylindrical layered beam loaded in three-point bending. f Crack paths in the cylindrical layered beam as seen from the planes whose normal vectors are \({\hat{{\bf{e}}}}_{3}\) and \({\hat{{\bf{e}}}}_{2}\). The red region corresponds to the crack path predicted by the RVF calculations at a displacement w0 = 0.16 mm. The gray curves in c and e correspond to monolithic beams with the same geometry and bulk properties.

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