Fig. 5: SFB⁺ microbiota is sufficient for low calcium diet to expand intestinal and BM Th17 cells.

a–d Frequency of PP and BM Th17 cells and small intestine (SI) and BM levels of Il17a transcripts in SFB⁺ TAC and JAX and SFB^- JAX mice treated with control diet or low calcium diet for 4 weeks with antibiotics (Abx) or without antibiotics (No Abx), a, b n = 9–10 mice per group; c, d n = 5 mice per group. e, f Frequency of PP and BM Th17 cells in GF mice, SFB monoassociated GF mice, and GF mice colonized with JAX mice microbiota ±SFB treated with control diet or low calcium diet for 4 weeks, n = 5–10 mice per group. Data are expressed as Mean ± SEM. All data were normally distributed according to the Shapiro-Wilk normality test. Data in a–d were analyzed by two-way analysis-of-variance and post hoc tests applying the Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. Data in panels e,f were analyzed by unpaired t-tests. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, and ****p < 0.0001 compared to the indicated group. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.