Fig. 1: HMGB1 levels are elevated in the CSF of MCI and AD patients.

a CSF-HMGB1 levels in the normal control (nc) (N = 19 persons), disease control (dc) (N = 11 persons), MCI (N = 21 persons), and AD (N = 56 persons) groups were evaluated by high-sensitivity ELISA. The box plot shows the median and quartiles. Statistical differences among groups were evaluated using the Wilcoxon rank–sum test with post-hoc Bonferroni correction. b Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for the MCI or AD group versus the normal control (nc) and disease control (dc) groups. Area under the ROC curve (AUC) values are shown in the graphs. Source data are provided as a “Source Data file”.