Fig. 4: Sub-particle radial quantification of lattice parameter.

a, b Top: isolated views of Particle 1 and Particle 2 alongside their corresponding distance maps. Bottom: plots of averaged lattice parameter values for integers of depth in µm’s (LPdepth), divided by the mean lattice parameter of the particle (LPmean) for different radial depths into the particles. The radial plots show the formation of a, or lack of b, chemical gradients that developed upon lithiation. Scale bars are 5 µm.