Table 6 Relationship between stigma and HIV by legal status of sex work.

Stigmas	HIV infection
	Test for interaction	Partially legalized	Selling not specified			Criminalized
	MH test of homogeneity p value^	Reference category	aOR**	95% CI	P value	aOR**	95% CI	P value
Family exclusion	0.0002	−	0.90	0.53, 1.52	0.699	1.13	0.85, 1.50	0.417
Family gossip	<0.0001	−	0.76	0.54, 1.06	0.102	1.14	0.86, 1.51	0.353
Friend rejection	0.0062	−	1.29	0.89, 1.87	0.185	1.27	0.93, 1.74	0.126
Afraid of seeking health services	0.0001	−	1.28	0.81, 2.03	0.285	1.24	1.01, 1.53	0.041
Avoided seeking health services	0.0074	−	1.44	0.90, 2.29	0.130	1.18	0.81, 1.72	0.376
Mistreated in health center	0.0016	−	1.54	0.51, 4.63	0.446	2.15	1.43, 3.23	<0.001
Health care provider gossip	0.0039	−	0.86	0.25, 2.91	0.804	1.46	0.78, 2.72	0.227
Denied health services	0.1511	−	−	−	−	−	−	−
Police refused protection	0.0005	−	1.64	1.29, 2.08	<0.001	1.38	1.10, 1.72	0.005
Scared in public places	<0.0001	−	0.87	0.62, 1.21	0.400	0.91	0.65, 1.25	0.543
Verbally harassed	0.1687	−	−	−	−	−	−	−
Blackmailed	0.0025	−	1.50	1.37, 1.65	<0.001	1.35	1.07, 1.71	0.010
Physical violence*	<0.0001	−	0.79	0.62, 1.01	0.070	1.34	1.11, 1.62	0.002
Forced to have sex*	0.0275	−	−	−	−	−	−	−

Each stigma indicator assessed through a separate model.
Mantel–Haenszel test of homogeneity was used to assess effect measure modification between types of stigma and legal status of sex work across each stigma exposure model assessing the association with HIV status. Those values for which a statistical interaction was observed were assessed through stratified multivariable adjusted models assessing the impact of stigma exposures on HIV status.
^<0.01 significance level for test for homogeneity.
*Not specified as attributable to sex work.
**Adjusted for age, education level, marital status, years in sex work, country-level epidemic, and clustered by site and by country. Adjusted for disclosure of sex work to family of healthcare provider when conceptual relevant (social stigma, and healthcare-related stigma).

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