Fig. 8: NoncHLAIp can be shared across individuals.

a The noncHLAIp-centric heatmap (left) shows the corresponding presumed non-coding gene expression (90th percentile) across healthy tissues as well as in our investigated samples (middle). The peptides that were identified by MS across the investigated samples, and therefore shared, are outlined in the rightmost heatmap. Validation by PRM was performed for multiple noncHLAIp across the corresponding samples and are denoted with cross markings. b NoncHLAIp identified across a large collection of immunopeptidomics datasets (ipMSDB) consisting of both cancer and healthy samples. Tumor-specific noncHLAIp were re-identified and a trend of enrichment in cancer samples was observed. The noncHLAIp sequences can be found in the source data file. Cancer samples are labeled in shades of blue, and the star symbol include tumor metastases, myeloma, uterine, brain, and liver cancer. Healthy samples are indicated in shades of red, and the hashtag symbol include fibroblast cells and epithelial cells. c Boxplot depicting the ratio of noncHLAIp over protHLAIp identified in the different groups of samples derived from ipMSDB (healthy n = 27, cancer n = 63, melanoma n = 25) One-sided t-test was performed, without multiple testing correction. Healthy versus cancer p-value = 0.17, healthy versus melanoma p-value = 0.12. Please refer to the Methods section for boxplot parameters. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.