Fig. 1: Motor cortex activity is not necessary for abnormal network dynamics in cortico-BG loop.
From: The globus pallidus orchestrates abnormal network dynamics in a model of Parkinsonism
a Epifluorescent images showing eArchT3-EYFP labeling in mCx (top, scale: 1 mm), STN (middle, scale: 200 µm), and striatum (bottom, scale: 1 mm) of 6-OHDA rats. Arrowhead indicates the optic fiber track in mCx. b Opto-inhibition example of a pyramidal neuron (top, scales: 0.5 mV, 1 s) labeled with neurobiotin (bottom left, scale bar: 20 µm) and corresponding raster plot (bottom right). c Example of action potentials waveform average (top, scales: 0.5 mV, 1 ms, same neuron as in b) and spike duration distribution for mCx recorded neurons (bottom, bin: 0.2 ms). d Proportion of mCx neurons inhibited (black), excited (blue), or not modulated (white) by laser stimulation. e Box-and-whisker plots comparing mCx firing rate during OFF/ON laser epochs; firing rate (FR). f Population PSTH in mCx during laser stimulation (bin: 50 ms). g Experimental paradigm (top left) and representative example of ECoG (top right, scales: 100 µV), β-filtered ECoG signal (12–30 Hz, middle right, scale: 50 µV), and one STN unit (bottom right, scale: 2 mV) during mCx opto-inhibition. Juxtacellular neurobiotin labeling confirmed STN recordings (bottom left, scale: 20 µm). h Scatter plots of STN neurons firing rate during ON versus OFF laser stimulation. i Box-and-whisker plots of STN firing during OFF/ON laser epochs in PD rats, and in control animals. j Population PSTH of STN firing during mCx opto-inhibition (bin: 50 ms). k Peri-event spectrogram of mCx ECoG recording during mCx opto-inhibition. l Mean normalized power spectrum of mCx ECoG during OFF versus ON laser epochs (analysis on the best β epochs for each rat). m Schematic of the β-AUCs calculation (top) that we performed at three consecutive time periods: ‘Pre’, ‘OFF’, and ‘ON’ laser stimulation (bottom) for every single opto-stimulation epoch. n Cumulative distribution function of the β-AUCs differences calculated between AUC(Pre-OFF) and AUC(OFF–ON) for every ECoG β epochs. o Mean phase histograms of STN neurons during β-oscillation for the OFF and ON laser epochs. Group data represents mean ± SEM, box-and-whisker plots indicate median, first, third quartile, min, and max values. See also Supplementary Table 1 for statistical information.
