Table 3 Unidimensional, age-adjusted, multi-group model.

From: Noradrenergic-dependent functions are associated with age-related locus coeruleus signal intensity differences

Path

Older (younger)

Standardized regression estimates

R2

Cog −> EMn

0.744, z = NA, p(>|z|) = NA (0.663, z = NA, p(>|z|) = NA)

0.553 (0.440)

Cog −> EMp

0.088, z = 1.136, p(>|z|) = 0.256 (0.063, z = 1.136, p(>|z|) = 0.256)

0.008 (0.004)

Cog −> EMv

0.789, z = 9.422, p(>|z|) < 0.001 (0.634, z = 9.422, p(>|z|) < 0.001)**

0.622 (0.402)

Cog −> SS

0.096, z = 0.522, p(>|z|) = 0.602 (0.069, z = 0.522, p(>|z|) = 0.602)

0.009 (0.005)

Cog −> ERr

0.268, z = 2.417, p(>|z|) = 0.016 (0.209, z = 2.417, p(>|z|) = 0.016)**

0.072 (0.044)

Cog −> ERn

0.129, z = 0.993, p(>|z|) = 0.321 (0.090, z = 0.993, p(>|z|) = 0.321)

0.017 (0.008)

Cog −> Hotel

−0.323, z = −4.702, p(>|z|) < 0.001 (−0.243, z = −4.702, p(>|z|) < 0.001)**

0.104 (0.059)

Cog −> PSQI

−0.186, z = −2.226, p(>|z|) = 0.026 (−0.122, z = −2.226, p(>|z|) = 0.026)**

0.034 (0.015)

Cog −> Edu

0.446, z = 5.082, p(>|z|) < 0.001 (0.389, z = 5.082, p(>|z|) < 0.001)**

0.199 (0.151)

Cog −> Occ

−0.198, z = −1.978, p(>|z|) = 0.048 (−0.113, z = −1.978, p(>|z|) = 0.048)**

0.039 (0.013)

Cog −> Verb

0.351, z = 3.515, p(>|z|) < 0.001 (0.230, z = 3.515, p(>|z|) < 0.001)**

0.123 (0.053)

Cog −> Int

0.668, z = 5.725, p(>|z|) < 0.001 (0.532, z = 5.275, p(>|z|) < 0.001)**

0.446 (0.283)

Cog −> Sent

−0.041, z = −0.602, p(>|z|) = 0.547 (−0.028, z = −0.602, p(>|z|) = 0.547)

0.002 (0.001)

Cog −> Fam

0.249, z = 3.295, p(>|z|) = 0.001 (0.192, z = 3.295, p(>|z|) = 0.001)**

0.062 (0.037)

  1. Cog single latent factor, EMv emotional source memory—negative valence, EMp emotional implicit memory (priming)—negative valence, EMn emotional object memory—negative valence, SS stop signal response time (SSRT), ERr emotional regulation negative scale reappraisal, ERn emotional regulation reactivity to negative, Hotel Hotel task total score, PSQI Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index total score, Edu years of education, Occ occupational complexity, Verb Spot the Word test as a proxy for verbal intelligence, Int Cattell total score as a proxy for fluid intelligence, Sent sentence comprehension, Fam familiar faces recognition.
  2. Regression path estimates and R2 (proportion of variance) for the observed cognitive/behavioral variables in older and younger adults are shown. Factor loadings and variances were constrained to be equal across the two groups. The number of observations was N = 605 (269 in the older and 336 in the younger group). Higher measures for SS, Hotel, PSQI, and Occ indicate worse outcomes; thus, they are expected to have negative correlations with LC CR. The z-values represent the Wald statistic (obtained by dividing the parameter value by its standard error) and the p(>|z|) values test the null hypothesis that the parameter equals zero in the population (a two-sided test). Statistically significant (p(>|z|) < 0.05) values are indicated by (**). No additional adjustments were made for multiple comparisons. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
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