Table 1 Direct damages without any future adaptation measures.

From: Economic motivation for raising coastal flood defenses in Europe

 

Baseline

Sustainability

Fossil fuel based development

Belgium (BE)

0.0

4.5

20.7

Bulgaria (BG)

0.0

0.1

0.6

Cyprus (CY)

0.0

1.4

12.5

Germany (DE)

0.1

6.0

38.8

Denmark (DK)

0.0

8.9

84.6

Estonia (EE)

0.0

0.1

0.6

Spain (ES)

0.1

9.4

53.0

Finland (FI)

0.0

0.3

6.2

France (FR)

0.2

40.4

266.0

Greece (GR)

0.1

4.9

20.8

Croatia (HR)

0.0

0.9

2.5

Ireland (IE)

0.1

14.5

89.1

Italy (IT)

0.1

15.3

70.3

Lithuania (LT)

0.0

0.2

0.4

Latvia (LV)

0.0

0.1

0.2

Malta (MT)

0.0

0.0

0.0

The Netherlands (NL)

0.0

20.7

77.5

Norway (NO)

0.1

25.6

200.1

Poland (PL)

0.1

2.3

9.3

Portugal (PT)

0.1

2.2

8.7

Romania (RO)

0.0

0.1

2.8

Sweden (SE)

0.0

4.2

46.2

Slovenia (SI)

0.0

0.7

2.9

United Kingdom (UK)

0.4

47.2

254.3

Europe

1.4

209.8

1268.4

  1. Expected annual damage (EAD, in billion €) from coastal flooding in 2100 under sustainability with RCP4.5 and fossil fuel based development with RCP8.5, shown per country and for Europe. Baseline values are also shown in the first column.