Table 1 Clinical characteristics of prolactinoma patients.

Characteristic	Wild type	Mutant	P value
Age at diagnosis (year)
Median	38.00	39.00	0.45^#
Interquartile range	21.75	16.00
Sex (case)
Male	115	37	0.02*
Female	67	8
PRL (ng ml⁻¹)/tumor size (cm)^‡
Median	288.12	385.58	0.02^#
Interquartile range	398.19	552.11
Tumor invasion (case)
Non-invasion	84	27	0.10*
Invasion	75	13
Tumor size (cm)^‡
Median	2.80	2.60	0.74^#
Interquartile range	1.60	2.03

Age and sex data were available for 182 patients with no mutation and 45 patients with the mutation. PRL/tumor size, tumor invasion, and tumor size data were available for 159 patients with no mutation and 40 patients with mutation. In total, 28 cases from the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China were excluded from statistical analysis because of different PRL dilution measurement protocol.
^#Values were compared by two-tailed Mann–Whitney U test.
*Values were compared by Pearson’s χ² test.
^‡Tumor size: maximal tumor diameter.
Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

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