Fig. 1: PCNA ubiquitination suppresses accumulation of endogenous DNA damage.

a Western blot experiment showing the loss of PCNA ubiquitination in 293T-K164R cells generated through CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing. Denatured whole cell extracts of cells under normal growth conditions, or 3 h after exposure to the indicated UV dose, were analyzed. A similar experiment performed in RPE1-K164R cells is shown in Supplementary Fig. 1b. b–e Clonogenic survival experiments showing hypersensitivity of 293T-K164R b, d and RPE1-K164R c, e cells to UV b, c and cisplatin d, e. The average of three experiments, with standard deviations indicated as error bars, is shown. Asterisks indicate statistical significance (t-test, two-tailed, unequal variance). f Western blot experiment showing increased CHK2 phosphorylation in 293T-K164R cells under normal growth conditions. g, h Immunofluorescence experiment showing increased 53BP1 chromatin foci in unsynchronized 293T-K164R g and RPE1-K164R h cells. At least 50 cells were quantified for each condition. The mean values are marked on the graph, and asterisks indicate statistical significance (t-test, two-tailed, unequal variance). Representative micrographs are also shown. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.