Table 1 Structure, function, and representative device figure of merit reported in this study.

From: Flexible and stretchable metal oxide nanofiber networks for multimodal and monolithically integrated wearable electronics

Material

Device

Device structure

Dimension

Application

Figure of merita

IGZO FN

TFT

(CFN = 0.15 µm−1)

Al/IGZO FN/SiO2/Si

W = 1 mm,

L = 100 µm

Switch

µ ~  1 cm2 V−1 s−1

Ion/Ioff = 4 × 104

    

Gas sensor

RT response

LOD = 20 ppb

SG = 33.6% ppm−1

 

Flexible TFT

(CFN = 0.15 µm−1)

Ion-gel/IGZO FN/Au(Ti)/PI

W = 1 mm,

L = 50 µm

Switch

µ ~ 0.5 cm2 V−1 s−1

Ion/Ioff = 4 × 104

r = 5 mm, 1000 cycles

 

Stretchable resistor

(CFN = 0.5 µm−1, R = 30–50 MΩ)

PEDOT:PSS/IGZO FN/PEDOT:PSS

W = 1 mm,

L = 100 µm

Strain sensor

Gauge factor ~ 15

Elongation ≥50%

    

Gas sensor

RT response

SG = 38–166% ppm−1

Elongation = 50%

  

Cr-Au/IGZO FN/Cr-Au

 

Thermistor

ST = 2.1–2.2% °C−1

Elongation ≥ 10% strain

    

Breath analyzer

Ion/Ioff = 103

Distinguish different breath frequencies and alcohol test

    

Photodetector

Rph = 16 mA W−1

Iph/Id = 403

D* = 5.2 × 1010

Elongation = 10% strain

 

Stretchable resistor

(CFN = 2.0 µm−1, R = 1.4 GΩ)

Cu wire/IGZO FN/Cu wire

1 × 2 cm2

System integration

Differentiate solar light, temperature, stretch, and breath stimuli

CuO FN

Stretchable resistor

(CFN = 0.5 µm−1, R = 20–30 MΩ)

Cr-Au/CuO FN/Cr-Au

W = 2 mm,

L = 50 µm

Pressure sensor

SP = 0.04 kPa−1

LOD = 50 Pa

 

Stretchable resistor

(CFN = 2.0 µm−1, R = 100 MΩ)

Cu wire/CuO FN/Cu wire

1 × 2 cm2

System integration

Differentiate solar light, temperature, stretch, and breath stimuli

ITO FN

Stretchable resistor

(CFN = 2.0 µm−1, R = 3–7 MΩ)

Cu wire/ITO FN/Cu wire

1 × 2 cm2

Strain sensor

Gauge factor ~ 21

Elongation ≥50%

    

Motion recognition

Distinguish different finger gestures

    

System integration

Differentiate solar light, temperature, stretch, and breath stimuli

  1. aThe values are the average of at least five samples and the maximum stdv. is <10%.