Fig. 3: Abnormal endocrine-exocrine granules in the same cell relate to type 1 diabetes.

Cells containing both exocrine and endocrine granules were identified in the control (a, b; 6227; 2 of 16 donors), autoantibody-positive (c, d; 6301; 3 of 13 donors) and type 1 diabetes (e, f; 6228; 6 of 16 donors) donor groups, one example of each is shown here. The intermediate cells contain both secretory granules resembling exocrine and either insulin, in 6227 (b) and 6301 (d upper panel), or glucagon, in 6301 (d lower panel) and 6228 (f), granules based on morphology and elemental content using ColorEM with exocrine granules in red, insulin granules in purple, and glucagon granules in orange (see Fig. 1 for reference). Bars: 5 µm in overviews, 1 µm in boxed regions, and 1 µm in b, d, f. Raw EDX data are shown in Supplementary Fig. 2.