Table 1 Differences in absolute growth trajectories.

From: Motion corrected MRI differentiates male and female human brain growth trajectories from mid-gestation

R: Region

RM − RF

Confidence interval

P value

P value

Measure

@ 27GW

−2.5%

+2.5%

(M∣F)

(M∣F) × AGE

TBV

6.24%

3.48%

9.55%

9.54e − 06†

4.38e − 01

AREA

3.68%

1.34%

5.87%

2.84e − 03

3.25e − 01

CURV

−2.20%

−3.98%

−0.35%

1.87e − 02

4.33e − 01

ICV

5.53%

2.89%

8.36%

1.00e − 04†

1.84e − 02

CORT

5.08%

1.86%

8.22%

1.50e − 03†

5.88e − 02

WM

7.38%

4.55%

10.22%

6.20e − 07†

9.49e − 01

DGM

3.52%

1.20%

5.81%

4.79e − 03

6.90e − 01

CEREB

3.40%

0.04%

6.94%

4.06e − 02

9.88e − 02

VENT

17.96%

6.29%

29.82%

9.32e − 04†

1.23e − 01

SCSF

2.67%

−1.57%

7.58%

2.69e − 01

7.24e − 03

Frontal CORT

5.38%

1.69%

8.53%

2.42e − 03

1.11e − 01

Parietal CORT

4.95%

1.77%

8.53%

3.25e − 03

2.40e − 01

Temporal CORT

5.09%

2.14%

8.20%

9.70e − 04†

8.23e − 02

Occipital CORT

4.40%

0.92%

8.46%

1.05e − 02

5.59e − 02

Frontal WM

7.63%

4.20%

11.10%

4.33e − 06†

7.54e − 01

Parietal WM

5.80%

2.74%

8.62%

1.61e − 04†

7.17e − 01

Temporal WM

8.01%

5.33%

10.85%

4.41e − 08†

7.44e − 01

Occipital WM

8.02%

4.55%

11.30%

5.05e − 06†

8.42e − 01

Frontal AREA

4.06%

1.17%

6.60%

2.59e − 03

7.26e − 01

Parietal AREA

2.70%

−0.05%

5.55%

3.45e − 02

8.87e − 02

Temporal AREA

4.54%

1.84%

7.11%

2.72e − 04†

4.50e − 01

Occipital AREA

3.46%

0.30%

6.35%

2.41e − 02

2.31e − 01

Frontal CURV

−1.75%

−3.72%

0.34%

8.59e − 02

3.40e − 01

Temporal CURV

−1.37%

−2.84%

−0.10%

4.02e − 02

5.29e − 01

Parietal CURV

−2.76%

−5.49%

0.64%

7.46e − 02

4.64e − 01

Occipital CURV

−3.71%

−5.67%

−1.58%

2.73e − 04†

5.19e − 01

  1. The estimated percentage increase from the female to male fetal brain of the absolute growth of regional anatomical measures estimated (see also Fig. 2), and the upper and lower 95% confidence bounds on this difference estimate.
  2. TBV total brain tissue volume, ICV intracranial volume, CORT cortical tissue volume, WM combined white matter/developing white matter tissue volume, DGM combined deep gray matter volume, CEREB cerebellum volume, VENT ventricular cerebrospinal fluid volume, SCSF sulcal cerebrospinal fluid volume, CURV mean surface curvature averaged over the specified portion of the brain surface, AREA surface area of total brain or lobe region.
  3. In addition, we show the statistical significance (uncorrected P value) of the difference in the growth models and the significance of the change of this with age. Bold indicates P < 0.05 for the male − female trajectory difference and dagger indicates this significance survives correction for multiple comparisons across the 26 two-sided hypothesis tests in this table.
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