Table 1 (Photo-)electrolysis performances.

From: Photocathode functionalized with a molecular cobalt catalyst for selective carbon dioxide reduction in water

System

#

Electrolyte

t (h)

Eapplied (V vs. RHE)

\(j_{{\mathrm{total}},{\mathrm{TiO}}_{2}}\) (mA cm−2)

\(\eta_{{\mathrm{CO}}_{2}/{\mathrm{CO}}}\) (mV)

CO

H2

FE [Select.] (%)

TONc

FE [Select.] (%)

EC

1

0.1 M KHCO3 CO2 sat. (pH = 6.8)

2

−0.51

1.22

400

63 [80]

1002

16 [20]

2

0.1 M KH2PO4/K2HPO4 Ar sat. (pH = 6.8)

2

−0.51

3.00

NA

0 [0]

NA

86 [100]

PV–EC

3

0.1 M KHCO3 CO2 sat. (pH = 6.8)

2

0.14

0.90

−250

80 [80]

941

20 [20]

4

0.1 M KHCO3 CO2 sat. (pH = 6.8)

2

−0.06

3.25

−50

96 [87]

4060

14 [13]

5a

0.5 M KHCO3 CO2 sat. (pH = 7.2)

7

−0.03

1.78

−80

NR [82]

NR

NR [18]

PEC

6

0.1 M KHCO3 CO2 sat. (pH = 6.8)

2

−0.06

0.81

−50

89 [97]

8031

3 [3]

7b

0.1 M KHCO3 CO2 sat. (pH = 6.8)

2

−0.06

0.05

−50

0 [0]

NA

31 [100]

  1. aUnder continuous gas flow.
  2. bNo catalyst.
  3. cLowest estimation (see Methods).
  4. NA not applicable, NR not reported (experiments under gas flow).