Fig. 4: Claudin-low subgroups show distinct gene methylation profiles relative to their differentiation status.

Heatmaps and pathway-enrichment analysis of differentially methylated genes between a CL1 vs. CL2 and CL3 tumors from TCGA, b CL2 vs. CL1 and CL3 tumors from TCGA, and c CL3 vs. CL1 and CL2 tumors from TCGA. CL1 tumors mainly display hypomethylated genes that are related to a stemness phenotype, CL2 tumors are overall hypermethylated for genes associated with basal-like features, and CL3 tumors show more heterogeneous methylation profiles with both hypermethylated genes (linked to luminal phenotype) and hypomethylated genes (relative to basal-like characteristics) (see Supplementary Fig. 5 for methodology). Clustering method: Ward’s; distance: Spearman. FDR: false discovery rate.