Table 1 Univariate analysis of the selected features for COVID-19 patients in the training cohort.
From: Early triage of critically ill COVID-19 patients using deep learning
Critical illness | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|  | Total (n = 1590) | No (n = 1459) | Yes (n = 131) | Hazard ratio (95% CI) | p-value | AUC (95% CI) | C-index (95% CI) |
Age | 48.9 ± 15.7 | 47.8 ± 15.2 | 61.6 ± 14.8 | 1.059 (1.046–1.071) | <0.001 | 0.755 (0.695–0.812) | 0.732 (0.674–0.790) |
Dyspnea | 331/1394 (23.7) | 257/1275 (20.2) | 74/119 (62.2) | 5.759 (3.973–8.346) | <0.001 | 0.665 (0.590–0.745) | 0.659 (0.584–0.739) |
Cancer history | 18/1590 (1.1) | 11/1459 (0.8) | 7/131 (5.3) | 5.927 (2.766–12.7) | <0.001 | 0.498 (0.495–0.500) | 0.498 (0.495–0.500) |
COPD | 24/1590 (1.5) | 12/1459 (0.8) | 12/131 (9.2) | 7.471 (4.124–13.53) | <0.001 | 0.532 (0.495–0.580) | 0.516 (0.495–0.549) |
No. of comorbidity |  |  |  | 1.67 (1.506–1.851) | <0.001 | 0.697 (0.613–0.789) | 0.682 (0.597–0.772) |
 0 | 1191/1590 (74.9) | 1137/1459 (77.9) | 54/131 (41.2) |  |  |  |  |
 1 | 269/1590 (16.9) | 229/1459 (15.7) | 40/131 (30.5) |  |  |  |  |
 2 | 88/1590 (5.5) | 68/1459 (4.7) | 20/131 (15.3) |  |  |  |  |
 3 | 34/1590 (2.1) | 20/1459 (1.4) | 14/131 (10.7) |  |  |  |  |
 4 | 5/1590 (0.3) | 4/1459 (0.3) | 1/131 (0.8) |  |  |  |  |
 5 | 3/1590 (0.2) | 1/1459 (0.1) | 2/131 (1.5) |  |  |  |  |
X-ray abnormality | 243/1590 (15.3) | 184/1459 (12.6) | 59/131 (45) | 5.315 (3.765–7.504) | <0.001 | 0.600 (0.524–0.681) | 0.614 (0.535–0.696) |
Neutrophil/lymphocytes | 5.1 ± 5.6 | 4.4 ± 3.8 | 12.7 ± 12.4 | 1.061 (1.052–1.071) | <0.001 | 0.861 (0.803–0.918) | 0.857 (0.795–0.914) |
Lactate dehydrogenase | 314.3 ± 693.7 | 273.6 ± 135.2 | 723.6 ± 2239.5 | 1 (1–1) | <0.001 | 0.810 (0.745–0.868) | 0.787 (0.727–0.846) |
Direct bilirubin | 4 ± 2.7 | 3.7 ± 2.3 | 6.5 ± 4.1 | 1.212 (1.165–1.261) | <0.001 | 0.674 (0.567–0.782) | 0.662 (0.551–0.773) |
Creatine kinase | 135.5 ± 246.7 | 123 ± 125.3 | 258.9 ± 702.8 | 1.001 (1–1.001) | <0.001 | 0.557 (0.449–0.665) | 0.554 (0.441–0.666) |
