Fig. 6: MAIT cells impact on ileum homeostasis and inflammation in obese mice.

a Graph showing the relative quantity of cytokine transcripts in the ileum of Vα19^+/− and MR1^−/− mice and their littermate controls fed with HFD during 12 weeks (n = 6 mice per group). b Graphs showing the frequency of Foxp3⁺ Treg cells, among CD45⁺ cells in the ileum lamina propria of B6 mice fed with ND (n = 9) or HFD (n = 8), and Vα19^+/− (ND/HFD n = 14/10) and MR1^−/− (ND/HFD n = 10/14) mice and their respective littermate controls (Vα19^−/− ND/HFD n = 16/11 and MR1^+/− ND/HFD n = 10/11) after 12 weeks of HFD or ND feeding. Pooled data from two or three experiments are represented. c Kinetic analysis of Foxp3⁺ Treg cells among CD45⁺ cells of Vα19^+/− and MR1^−/− mice and their respective littermate controls (Vα19^−/− and MR1^+/−) fed ND or HFD during 3, 6, and 12 weeks (n = 8 per group for each time). d FITC-dextran assay in Vα19^+/− and MR1^−/− mice and their littermate controls (n = 10 per group) fed HFD for 12 weeks. e Relative quantity of ZO-1, Cldn4, Ocln, and mucin transcripts in ileum epithelial cells of Vα19^+/−, MR1^−/−, and their respective littermate controls fed on HFD for 12 weeks (n = 6 per group). f, g Significant differences at the (f) phyla, (g) family levels between gut microbium of Vα19^−/− (n = 13) and Vα19^+/− (n = 12) HFD-fed mice. h Heatmap showing the significant differences between the OTU clusters of the Vα19^−/− (n = 13) and Vα19^+/− (n = 12) mice microbiota. Significant differences in (i) Actinobacteria phyla, (j) Coriobacteriaceae family and related Olsenella (genus), and (k) in the Clostridiaceae family and related genus between the MR1^+/− (n = 13) and MR1^−/− (n = 12) mice microbiota. l Heatmap showing OTU clusters abundance between MR1^+/− (n = 13) and MR1^−/− (n = 12) mice gut microbiota. Data in f, g, i, j, and k are presented as boxplots where the middle line is the median, the lower and upper hinges correspond to the first and third quartiles, the upper whisker extends from the hinge to the largest value no further than 1.5 × IQR from the hinge (where IQR is the inter-quartile range), and the lower whisker extends from the hinge to the smallest value at most 1.5 × IQR of the hinge. The fold change and the P-value of a Mann–Whitney test are indicated as mean ± S.E.M. For b and d, each symbol represents an individual mouse (small horizontal lines indicate the mean ± S.E.M.). In a, c and e, data are represented as mean ± S.E.M.. All statistical analyses were performed by two-tailed Mann–Whitney test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 (see also Supplementary Figs. 12, 13).