Fig. 4: GWS anomalies, precipitation, and GW use for 2006‒2014.
From: South-to-North Water Diversion stabilizing Beijing’s groundwater levels
Uncertainty in simulated monthly GWS was estimated based on varying aquifer thicknesses from 100 to 250 m derived from aquifer properties. Uncertainty in observed GWS was approximated by the standard deviation of specific yield values (0.042) from 25 recorded wells across the Beijing Plain. The model calibration period spans from 2006 to 2010 and the validation period spans from 2010 to 2014. R2 between the simulated (trend: 13.1 mm year−1) and observed (trend: 14.4 mm year−1) GWS changes for the validation period is 0.85.
