Fig. 1: Study area of Lützow-Holm Bay, East Antarctica.
From: Strong ice-ocean interaction beneath Shirase Glacier Tongue in East Antarctica
a Bathymetry in and around Lützow-Holm Bay, where the domain is indicated by red rectangular in b. Pink and gray circles represent positions of CTD stations, and the pink-colored stations are used for vertical sections along (Fig. 2a–c) and across (Fig. 2d, e) the deep trough. Green circle indicates the position of a XCTD cast (Sta.X31) at the northeast continental slope region of the bay. Yellow star near Sta.A3 represents the position of a subsurface mooring with a current profiler, running from late January to August in 1990 (the same position as Sta.P2, see Supplementary Fig. 2). Red squares represent grid locations of wind reanalysis at 10 m height provided by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Interim Re-Analysis (ERA-Interim). Orange diamonds indicate positions of ice radar ApRES deployed on the SGT from February 2018 to January 2019. Thick white line shows the SGT ice front derived from MODIS imagery on 22 January 2017, which is different from a model’s ice front position (see Supplementary Fig. 6). Thick brown line represents the SGT grounding line71. b Simulated annual mean vertically integrated transport stream functions32. Red colors with dashed contours indicate cyclonic circulation. Contour interval is 10 Sv (1 Sv = 1.0 × 106 m3 s−1). Thick blue line shows the southern boundary of the ACC6.
