Fig. 1: Generating a spatiotemporal beam exhibiting both dynamic rotation and revolution. | Nature Communications

Fig. 1: Generating a spatiotemporal beam exhibiting both dynamic rotation and revolution.

From: Dynamic spatiotemporal beams that combine two independent and controllable orbital-angular-momenta using multiple optical-frequency-comb lines

Fig. 1

a, b Illustration of a light beam that dynamically rotates around its beam center and revolves around another central axis; this is analogous to the earth orbiting around the sun, exhibiting both rotation around its Earth center and revolution around the solar central axis. c, g A Gaussian beam on a single frequency exhibits no dynamic rotation/revolution. d, h An LG3,0 beam on a single frequency exbibits only dynamic rotation. e, i Using multiple frequency comb lines, in which each carries an \(LG_{\ell ,p}\) mode with a different \(\ell\) value and the same p value, to generate a Gaussian-like beam dot exhibiting only revolution around a central axis. f, j Using multiple frequency comb lines, in which each carries a superposition of multiple \(LG_{\ell ,p}\) modes with one different \(\ell\) value and multiple p values, to generate an LG3,0 beam exhibiting both dynamic rotation and revolution.

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