Fig. 4: Carbon and oxygen isotope compositions of carbonates from mid and lower crustal intrusions (Sron Garbh and Valmaggia), and a mantle xenolith from Kimberly, South Africa34.
From: Fluxing of mantle carbon as a physical agent for metallogenic fertilization of the crust
Fields for primary mantle68 and primary carbonatite69 are shown. Local country rock marbles are defined by dashed colored lines70,71. Isotope compositions of country rock marbles of the Ivrea Zone (this work) fall within the field for Phanerozoic marine carbonates71. The red line indicates the composition of calcite crystallized from deuteric fluids at variable temperature (100–600 °C) using the Rayleigh distillation model of Giuliani et al.43 (see text for details).
