Fig. 5: FEM of surface passivation and structural decohesion in an NMC secondary particle. | Nature Communications

Fig. 5: FEM of surface passivation and structural decohesion in an NMC secondary particle.

From: Mutual modulation between surface chemistry and bulk microstructure within secondary particles of nickel-rich layered oxides

Fig. 5

The Li concentration and intergranular damage at two charging times t = 20 s (a) and t = 720 s (b). The enlarged inset in b shows an overall compressive hoop stress in the passivation layer and an intergranular crack passing through the passivation layer.

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