Fig. 4: Sources of agricultural N2O fluxes and livestock units.
From: Livestock enclosures in drylands of Sub-Saharan Africa are overlooked hotspots of N2O emissions
Given are N2O fluxes for semi-arid and arid regions in SSA based on EDGAR55 (a: soil; b: manure management; c: indirect emissions) and the total N2O emissions from bomas d from this study, and the resulting sum of total agricultural N2O emissions (=a+b+c+d) e. f depicts the livestock density for cattle, sheep, and goats in semi-arid and arid environments in Africa6. Livestock units23 summarize total number of cattle, sheep, and goats with \(N = \left( {{\sum} {cattle} + \frac{{sheep \ast 0.1 + goats \ast 0.1}}{{0.7}}} \right)\).
