Fig. 1: DR3 agonistic treatment induces type 2 cytokines in both naïve and activated ILC2s.

a A cohort of C57BL/6J mice were fed a normal chow diet (NCD) or a high fat diet (HFD) for 14 weeks and were subsequently challenged with recombinant mouse (rm) IL-33 (0.5 µg in 50 µL) or PBS intraperitoneally (i.p.) for 3 days, n = 6 mice. The mice were euthanized on fourth day and the visceral adipose tissue (VAT) was isolated, as shown in the timeline. b Gating strategy of Lin^-CD45⁺IL-7R⁺ST2⁺ ILC2 cells. c DR3 expression in naïve and IL-33-activated murine white adipose tissue-derived ILC2s compared to the isotype control. Quantitation of DR3 expression is shown as MFI ± SD. d Freshly sorted naïve and activated VAT ILC2s were cultured in the presence of recombinant mouse (rm) IL-2 and rmIL-7 stimulated with DR3 agonist (5 µg/mL) or isotype control for 48 h. The levels of IL-5, Il-6, IL-9, IL-13, GM-CSF, and MIP2 were measured by Luminex on the culture supernatants, n = 5 mice. Error bars are the mean ± SD. Statistical analysis, one-way ANOVA (c), two-tailed student’s t-test (d); n.s.: p-value of <0.05 was considered as non-significant. Mouse image provided with permission from Servier Medical Art.