Fig. 3: DR3 engagement allows for preemptive protection from type 2 diabetes in Rag2^−/− mice.

a A cohort of Rag2^−/− mice were placed on HFD and intraperitoneally treated with either DR3 agonist (1 mg/mouse) or isotype control every four days, n = 8 mice. b The total weight of the mice in each cohort was measured every week, and c blood glucose levels were measured every two weeks for a period of 14 weeks. d The plasma insulin concentrations were measured using ELISA. e Glucose tolerance test and f insulin tolerance test were performed at the end of 14 weeks. The corresponding area under the curve (AUC) was calculated for each cohort. g Ucp1 transcripts levels in VAT lysates, and h relative amount of CD45⁺CD11b^hiF4/80^hiCD206⁺CD11c⁺ AAM macrophages in VAT after 14 weeks of treatment, n = 6. i The mRNA expression of VAT lysates after 14 weeks was determined by qRT-PCR using specific primers for Cidea, Prdm16, Pgc1a, Cox7a, Dio2 and hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (Hprt). j Hematoxylin and eosin-stained epididymal adipose tissue sections (×400, scale bars, 100 μm). Quantitation of the adipocyte area k and number l observed for each cohort. Error bars are the representative of mean ± SD. Statistical analysis, one-way ANOVA (b, c), two-way ANOVA (e, f), two-tailed student’s t-test (d, g–i, k–l). Mouse image provided with permission from Servier Medical Art.