Fig. 2: The performance of the training and testing process of head and neck CTA postprocessing.

Illustration of the changes of the DSC value (a), V-score value (b), and the recall value (c) over the training and validation sets in the vessel segmentation task. d, e The variety of the DSC value and recall value over the training and validation sets in the bone segmentation task. The overall DSC, V-score, recall, and accuracy values in testing set of the pipeline are shown in f.