Fig. 1: Phylogenetic trees of primary and metastatic prostate cancer evolution in ten men.

Top row—patients who still had prostate in place at time of death; bottom row—patients who had undergone radical prostatectomy (A12, A17, A21, A24) or had no discernible cancer in the prostate at time of death (A34). Patient identifiers are to the right of the root node of each tree, which represents the most recent common ancestor (MRCA) of all tumor cells. Dotted lines connect the final subclone of a lineage with a letter denoting the sample or samples in which it was observed. Samples connected to multiple lines arising from different subclones indicates subclonal intermixture in the prostate and local organs, or polyclonal seeding in the periphery. Yellow filled subclones were observed in samples taken from the prostate. Other colors denote the location of sample in which the subclone was observed as indicated in the key, where subclones consisting of multiple colors indicate that the subclone was not found in the prostate, but was observed in the metastatic locations with corresponding colors. Fresh frozen samples are denoted by bold lower case letters in ascending order from a; microdissected fixed samples are standard upper case in descending order from Z. Letters are colored by sample tissue type. Samples taken from the prostate and local organs are arranged to the left or right of each tree. Samples taken from distant metastases are arranged horizontally at the bottom of each tree. Visceral (other) includes adrenal glands (A21, A22, A31), diaphragm (A24), and sigmoid colon (A24). Corresponding sample names, time of collection, cluster information and locations are given in Supplementary Figs. 1–10 and Supplementary Data 1 and 2.