Fig. 4: Pseudotime developmental trajectories of hormone-producing cells.

a Pseudotime analyses of the endocrine cells shown in the UMAP plot. Left: the RNA velocity result with the arrows predicting directions of the pseudotime. Right: the Slingshot result with the lines indicating the trajectories of lineages and the arrows indicating manually added directions of the pseudotime. Dots: single cells; colors: cell types. Yellow circle in the right panel represents the start point of the trajectories which was set as the Stem1 subcluster. Since the corticotrope was already a separate cluster in the earliest sample (7 weeks), the corticotrope trajectory may start from stem cells earlier than Stem1. The CC cluster was omitted in the Slingshot pseudotime analysis as it contained several cell types and caused wrong trajectories. b Heatmap showing the relative expression of TFs displaying significant changes (P ≤ 1E−5) along the pseudotime axis of each lineage. The progenitor or precursor cells of each lineage were enclosed in frames of dashed lines. Colors: loess-smoothed expression (red, high; blue, low). The columns represent the cells being ordered along the pseudotime axis with the cell type and fetal week informations being shown above. Rows represent genes being ordered by their peak expression along the pseudotime axis. P values are determined by one way ANOVA test. c Scatterplots showing the expression levels of representative TFs along the pseudotime axis. Dots: single cells; colors: cell types. d Venn diagram of downregulated and upregulated TFs along the pseudotime axis of each lineage. Representative TFs were listed in the right boxes.